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Date of Issue : Mar 2002 1. IDENTIFICATION
General Product Name : TOXIC SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S (SODIUM BICHROMATE ANHYDROUS) Other Names : DICHROMIC ACID, DISODIUM SALT; DISODIUM DICHROMATE; BICHROMATE OF SODA UN No. : 3288 Dangerous Goods Class : 6.1 Subsidiary Risk : None Allocated Hazchem Code : 2X Pack Group : II EPG : 31 Poisons Schedule : 6 Uses : Oxidising agent in manufacture of dyes, many other synthetic organic chemicals, inks etc.; in chrome-tanning of hides; in electric batteries; bleaching fats, oils, sponges, resins; refining petroleum; manufacture chromic acid, other chromates and chrome pigments; in corrosion inhibitors, corrosion-inhibiting paints; in many metal treatments; electroengraving of copper; mordant in dyeing.
1.1 Physical Description / Properties
Appearance : Red-orange deliquescent crystals, odourless. Formula : Na2Cr2O7 Boiling Point : Decom deg C Melting Point : 356.7 deg C Vapour Pressure : N/A Specific Gravity : 2.7 (water = 1) Flash Point : N/A pH : 3.6 - 4.4 (10% solution) Solubility in water : Solub g/l (25 deg C) Flammability Limits (as percentage volume in air) Lower Explosion Limit : N/A Upper Explosion Limit : N/A 1.2 Other Properties
Boiling point = decomposes above 400 deg C Solubility in water = 64% w/w @ 20 deg C Bulk density = 1.5 kg/l Density = 2.52 g/cm3 @ 20 deg C Na2CrO7 (%) = 99.0 - 99.5 CrO3 (by calculation) = 76.6 - 76.0% Sulphates as Na2SO4 (%) = 0.1 Chlorides as NaCl (%) = 0.2 Iron as Fe (%) = 0.002 1.3 Ingredients
2. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
2.1 Health Effects - Acute Swallowed
Can cause severe tissue destruction. Kidney failure may follow and result in death. Eye
Exposure to low level concentrations may cause moderate irritation or conjunctivitis. Skin
Causes skin burns. May cause skin sensitisation, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material. May be absorbed through the skin. Inhaled
Causes respiratory tract irritation. May cause ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum if inhaled in excessive quantities. 2.2 Health Effects - Chronic
Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. Prolonged or repeated exposure may lead to asthma and perforation of the nasal septum. May cause respiratory tract cancer. Chromium (VI) compounds are absorbed by the body after direct contact with the skin and mucous membranes. In susceptible people sensitisation is possible. Contact with broken skin may lead to formation of firmly marginated "Chrome sores". Massive exposure to solutions could lead to kidmey failure and death.
2.3 First Aid
Swallowed
Nevere give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. If conscious, give several glasses of water. If swallowed, DO NOT induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs spontaneuously, keep airway clear and give more water. Seek medical attention immediately. Accident victims should be given 5-10g ascorbic acid (non effervecent form) dissolved in water. Dose of 5-10g ascorbic acid per day may be repeated depending on the severity of poisoning. Obtain medical attention.
Eye
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, holding eyelids apart to ensure flushing of entire eye surface. Wwashing eyes within 1 minute is essential to achieve maximum effectiveness. Seek medical attention immediately.
Skin
Wash contaminated areas with plnety of water and soap. Remove contaminated clothing and foot-wear and wash clothing before reuse. Discard footwear which can notbe decontaminated. Seek medical attention immediately.
Inhaled
Get person out of contaminated area to fresh air. If breathing has stopped, artificial respiration should be started by a trained person. If readily available, oxygen must be administered. If conscious, irrigate nasal passages and mouth with water. Seek medical attention immediately.
First Aid Facilities
Ensure an eye bath and safety shower are available and ready for use.
2.5 Advice to Doctor
Ascorbic acid may be used to decrease the effects of this material. Treat symptomatically based on judgement of doctor and individual reactions of patient
2.6 Toxicity Data
Oral LD50 = 51 mg/kg (rat, both sexes) Dermal LD50 = 1000 mg/kg (rabbit, both sexes) Inhalation LC50 = 0.124 mg/l/4hr (rat, both sexes) The mutagenicity classification relates to DNA damage occurring in the exposed individual and has to be distinguished from the entirely separate classifcation of toxic to reproduction. Occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium may add to the total body burden of genetic damage. Epidermiology and animal exposure tests using protocols relevant to the occupational environment have confirmed that the ultimate end point arising from the genetic damage is increased risk of respiratory cancer with no indication of damage being heritable. The precautions in place to protect against cancer risk will provide adequate protection against mutagenicity.
3. PRECAUTIONS FOR USE
3.1 Exposure Standards
Worksafe recommends the following exposure standard : Chromium (VI) compounds (as Cr), water soluble : TWA = 0.05 mg/m3 (Sensitiser) It may be necessary, dependent upon the users assesment of the processes employed to undertake a program of monitoring to demonstrate that the maximum exposure limit is not exceeded.
3.2 Engineering Controls
Ensure adequate ventilation to maintain exposure levels below standards, including the use of local exhaust ventilation.
3.3 Personal Protection
Eye protection - close fitting chemical goggles should br worn. Skin protection - wear rubber or PVC gloves. overalls or other protective clothing is supplied to the operator, it is recommended that this clothing be laundered at the end of the working day. Respiratory protection - selection of type should be based upon the likely workplace concentrations and the Maximum Exspoure Limit of 0.05 mgCr/m3. For half mask respirators, suse filter type P3. When using sodium bichomate, do not eat, drink or smoke. Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Wear suitable protective clothing. Cover cuts, grazes or broken skin with impervious dressings to avoid contamination. Workers should take a hot shower at the end of the working period or day.
3.4 Flammability
Material is non-flammable SAFE HANDLING INFORMATION
4.1 Storage / Transport
Sodium bichromate should be kept in a dry place, away from combustible organic or other readily oxidisable materials and protected from physical damage. Avoid storage on wooden floors. Keep product away from heat and sun. Keep containers closed when not in use. Use adequate ventilation. Wear personal protective equipment to avoid contact with skin, eyes or clothing. Avoid breathing dust or mist from solutions. Wash thoroughly after handling and use good personal hygiene and house keeping. Handle carefully in a manner that minimises dusting and splashes. Avooid contact with incompatible materials such as organic materials, oils, greases or other oxidisable materials. This substance is mildly oxidising in solution but becomes strongly oxidising in strong acid solution.
4.2 Packaging / Labelling UN No. 3288 Class 6.1 Sub Risk None Allocated Hazchem Code 2X Pack Group II EPG No. 31 Shipping Name TOXIC SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S (SODIUM BICHROMATE ANHYDROUS) Hazard VERY TOXIC DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT
Risk Phrases R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire. R25 Toxic if swallowed. R26 Very toxic by inhalation. R21 Harmful in contact with skin. R37/38 Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes. R43 May cause sensitisation by skin contact. R50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R49 May cause cancer by inhalation. R46 May cause heritable genetic damage.
Safety Phrases S22 Do not breathe dust. S28:SOBICH After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water. S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible). S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheets.
4.3 Spills and Disposal
Spills
Clean-up personnel should wear full protective clothing including breathing apparatus. Avoid formation of dust. DO NOT allow product to escape into waters, wastewater or soil.
Shovel into labelled steel drums and hold for waste disposal. Do not wash spill area residues down the drain. Small areas of contamination which cannot be removed may be treated with ferrous sulphate solution or sodium metabisulphite solution to reduce the hexavalent chromium to the trivalent form and the pH adjusted to 8.5 with sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide solution to preciptate chromium hydroxide.
Disposal
Solid - if quantity is substantial, return to supplier or manufacturer. Small quantities should be disposed via a licensed waste contractor. Liquid - reduce to the trivalent Cr(III) by the methods described under "Accidental Release Measures". Dispose of via a licensed Waste Contractor to licensed disposal site. Groundwater directive - Chromium and its compounds are List II substances. Contaminated packaging - It is recommended that contaminated waste be placed into plastic sacks suitably prior to disposal by a licensed Waste Contractor as "special waste".
4.4 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD Fire / Explosion
Thermal decomposition begins at 400 deg C. Stable under normal conditions of use. Avoid combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidisers, ethanol + sulphuric acid + heat, hydrazine, boron + silicon, organic residues + sulphuric acid, 2-propanol + sulphuric acid, sulphuric acid + TNT, and hydroxylamine. Explosively reacts with acetic anhydride. Hazardous polymerisation has not been reported. Risk of spontaneous ignition with combustible materials. This substance is mildly oxidising in solution but becomes strongly oxidising in strong acid solution. Hazardous decomposition products include chromic oxide (Cr2O3) or other oxides of chromium and the Cr (VI) substance sodium chromate, which has similar hazardous properties to sodium bichromate.
Extinguishing Media
Fire fighters should wear full protective gear including self-contained breathing apparatus. Use all extinguisher types; select on the basis of material types present. 5 OTHER INFORMATION
Other Information
Presistence/Degradability - Chromium (VI) in water will eventually be reduced to chromium (III) by organic matter in the water. Most chromium released into water will ultimately de deposited in the sediment. Bioaccumulation potential - Bioaccumulation of chromium from soil to above ground parts of plants is unlikely. Chromium is commonly found in freshwater organisms and is accumulated to a moderate extent. Biomagnification - There is no indication of biomagnification of chromium along the terrestrial food chain. (soil-plant-animal). Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) LC50 96hr = 69 mgCr/l Daphnia magna EC50 24hr = 1.4 mgCr/l Pseudomonas fluorescens ECO 24hr = 100 mg/l (Sewage) Do not allow to enter into local drains/watercourses/sewers or soil. Toxicity tends to increase with decreasing water hardness and increasing temperature.
5.1 Contact Points
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The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume no liability resulting from its use.
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